Fabrication of 90 Degree Steering System

Abstract

Conventional steering systems are limited by their large turning radius, making vehicle maneuvering difficult in congested urban areas. This paper presents the fabrication of a 90 Degree Steering System that allows all four wheels to rotate up to 90 degrees, enabling lateral (sideways) movement of the vehicle. The system uses electric motors, rack and pinion mechanism, bevel gears, sprockets, and chain drive arrangements. The prototype features four DC motors for wheel motion and an additional motor arrangement for 90-degree wheel rotation. Powered by a rechargeable 12V battery and controlled through an electronic control unit, the system demonstrates successful sideways parking capability, zero-radius turning, and diagonal movement. Testing shows the turning radius reduces from 5.2m (conventional) to effectively 0m (in- place rotation), lateral parking time reduces by 65%, and the system operates reliably across 200 test cycles.